I found the following at Vedic Time. The entire article is at that link.
Mysterious energy
Time (kala) is one of the five tattvas (realities) of existence which are the five subjects of the Bhagavad-gita. (The other ones are: isvara - God, jiva - living being, prakrti - material nature, and karma - material activity). It is created by the Lord (SB 7.1.11-12).
In the Bhagavad-gita (BG 11.32) Krsna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, has stated that He is time and that time is all destructive, and "among subduers I am time". (BG 10.30) That time is Krsna by virtue of being one of His multifarious energies explains, to a great extent, the truly mysterious nature and effects of time. Our perception of time can be dependent on our age, which in itself is caused by time. For example it is a common adage that time flies faster the older you get. That somehow a year shrinks with every passing new year. This perception of shrinking time is prevalent in all cultures. How is it possible for time to shrink or at least to appear to do so?
Shrinking time
For a possible explanation let us consider the following experience that I had as a child growing up in Northern Canada, where the seasonal changes are dramatic. As a boy of four years I recall being amazed when winter came and snow appeared again (as it had done one year previously since time immemorial). It seemed to me that I could remember this white stuff falling out of the sky and piling up all over the place. It had happened, I thought, a long time ago and here it was happening again. As I grew I found that it did indeed occur on a regular basis, a yearly basis, but like every one I noticed that as I grew older the time interval seemed to mysteriously grow shorter even though there were still 365.25 days in the year, none added or subtracted. It occurred to me that the only explanation for this shrinking time was my own previous experience of time. To a child of four years, one year would represent 25% of my total previous experience of time to that date. But now that I am 40 years old, one year represents only 2.5% of my previous total experience of time. This is a dramatic decrease by a factor of 10. By the time I am 80, one year will only represent 1.25% of my previous experience. Thus the longer a person lives the smaller a year becomes in relation to their total previous experience of time in this life.
Time dilation
It has been observed by investigators that the perception of time can be influenced, either shortened or lengthen, because of the effects of certain types of drugs. This is especially true with psychotomimetic drugs such as LSD, Mescaline, and others in this category. The users of these drugs often report that they felt that time seemed to stand still. That a moment seemed like eons. This subjective effect of the drug could cause trauma to a user. One user reported to me that he once became quite anxious because of this time dilation effect. He had gone to the latrine to answer the call of nature, but to him it had felt as if a greatly inordinate length of time had been spent using the facilities (he said it felt like years) and thus he became afraid that his friends and family would consider that he was lost and send the police in search of him (the last people he would want to meet under such conditions would be the constabulary).
To experience radical time dilation and contraction one need not be a drug user. You need only to lay down and sleep. It is common experience that in deep sleep, susupti, a long span of time, say 45 minutes, is perceived as lasting only one or two moments. The opposite is true of svapna, the dreaming state. A man may lay down and take a nap and have a dream in which it seems as if many whole life times have gone by, but on waking he finds that less than five minutes have passed.
It is unclear as to whether these time distortions related to drugs and sleep states are the effects of the drugs and sleep states on our perception of time or whether these are qualities of time which these other states of perception allow us to capture.
Then there is the phenomena of time being relative to the species of life that is experiencing it. For example a solar year of 365 days is experienced differently by a dog, human or demigod. It is commonly understood that one dog year is equivalent to seven human years whereas one human year is equivalent to only one day of the demigods. Thus our existence in relation to the demigods would be comparable to that of microbes in relationship to us. Several generations of microbes will have come and gone in the course of one day for us.
Then there are the higher demigods such as Lord Brahma and his associates. Lord Brahma has a life time of 100 years by his calculation which translate to be 311,040,000,000,000 human years. Thus one second for Lord Brahma is equal to 100,000 years for us. According to astronomical texts such as Surya-siddhanta and the Puranas, in cosmic time it is presently the day after the 50th birthday of Lord Brahma. And it is about 11:40 AM for him on his planet. He will be having lunch in about 20 of his minutes, which would take 120,000,000 years of our time. Definitely mind boggling! There are several instances in the Puranas where it is recounted that a person would be transported from the human worlds to that of a deva such as Brahma. And even though they were only gone for what appeared to be a short length of time by their experience, when they returned millions of years had come and gone.
The Experience of King Kakudmi
The following example from the Bhagavata Purana, illustrates time dilation on Brahmaloka, the planet of Lord Brahma, the demiurge of this universe. This historical incident begins with the mention of a submarine kingdom called Kusasthali. The residents of this kingdom were descendants of the solar dynasty. And though they are considered human, they were endowed with mystic powers, not found in ordinary humans today. The King of Kusasthali, Kakudmi, was able to travel to the world of Brahma and experience Brahma's perception of time:
"O Maharaja Pariksit, subduer of enemies, Revata constructed a kingdom known as Kusasthali in the depths of the ocean. There he lived and ruled such tracts of land as Anarta, etc. He had one hundred very nice sons, of whom the eldest was Kakudmi. Taking his own daughter, Revati, Kakudmi went to Lord Brahma in Brahmaloka, which is transcendental to the three modes of material nature, and inquired about a husband for her. When Kakudmi arrived there, Lord Brahma was engaged in hearing musical performances by the Gandharvas and had not a moment to talk to him. Therefore Kakudmi waited, and at the end of the musical performances he offered his obeisances to Lord Brahma and thus submitted his long standing desire. After hearing his words, Lord Brahma, who is most powerful, laughed loudly and said to Kakudmi, 'O King, all those whom you may have decided within the core of your heart to accept as your son-in-law have passed away in the course of time. Twenty-seven catur-yugas have already passed. Those upon whom you may have already decided are now gone, and so are their sons, grandsons and other descendants. You cannot even hear about their names.' (SB 9.3.28-32)
(The rest is at that link)
Mysterious energy
Time (kala) is one of the five tattvas (realities) of existence which are the five subjects of the Bhagavad-gita. (The other ones are: isvara - God, jiva - living being, prakrti - material nature, and karma - material activity). It is created by the Lord (SB 7.1.11-12).
In the Bhagavad-gita (BG 11.32) Krsna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, has stated that He is time and that time is all destructive, and "among subduers I am time". (BG 10.30) That time is Krsna by virtue of being one of His multifarious energies explains, to a great extent, the truly mysterious nature and effects of time. Our perception of time can be dependent on our age, which in itself is caused by time. For example it is a common adage that time flies faster the older you get. That somehow a year shrinks with every passing new year. This perception of shrinking time is prevalent in all cultures. How is it possible for time to shrink or at least to appear to do so?
Shrinking time
For a possible explanation let us consider the following experience that I had as a child growing up in Northern Canada, where the seasonal changes are dramatic. As a boy of four years I recall being amazed when winter came and snow appeared again (as it had done one year previously since time immemorial). It seemed to me that I could remember this white stuff falling out of the sky and piling up all over the place. It had happened, I thought, a long time ago and here it was happening again. As I grew I found that it did indeed occur on a regular basis, a yearly basis, but like every one I noticed that as I grew older the time interval seemed to mysteriously grow shorter even though there were still 365.25 days in the year, none added or subtracted. It occurred to me that the only explanation for this shrinking time was my own previous experience of time. To a child of four years, one year would represent 25% of my total previous experience of time to that date. But now that I am 40 years old, one year represents only 2.5% of my previous total experience of time. This is a dramatic decrease by a factor of 10. By the time I am 80, one year will only represent 1.25% of my previous experience. Thus the longer a person lives the smaller a year becomes in relation to their total previous experience of time in this life.
Time dilation
It has been observed by investigators that the perception of time can be influenced, either shortened or lengthen, because of the effects of certain types of drugs. This is especially true with psychotomimetic drugs such as LSD, Mescaline, and others in this category. The users of these drugs often report that they felt that time seemed to stand still. That a moment seemed like eons. This subjective effect of the drug could cause trauma to a user. One user reported to me that he once became quite anxious because of this time dilation effect. He had gone to the latrine to answer the call of nature, but to him it had felt as if a greatly inordinate length of time had been spent using the facilities (he said it felt like years) and thus he became afraid that his friends and family would consider that he was lost and send the police in search of him (the last people he would want to meet under such conditions would be the constabulary).
To experience radical time dilation and contraction one need not be a drug user. You need only to lay down and sleep. It is common experience that in deep sleep, susupti, a long span of time, say 45 minutes, is perceived as lasting only one or two moments. The opposite is true of svapna, the dreaming state. A man may lay down and take a nap and have a dream in which it seems as if many whole life times have gone by, but on waking he finds that less than five minutes have passed.
It is unclear as to whether these time distortions related to drugs and sleep states are the effects of the drugs and sleep states on our perception of time or whether these are qualities of time which these other states of perception allow us to capture.
Then there is the phenomena of time being relative to the species of life that is experiencing it. For example a solar year of 365 days is experienced differently by a dog, human or demigod. It is commonly understood that one dog year is equivalent to seven human years whereas one human year is equivalent to only one day of the demigods. Thus our existence in relation to the demigods would be comparable to that of microbes in relationship to us. Several generations of microbes will have come and gone in the course of one day for us.
Then there are the higher demigods such as Lord Brahma and his associates. Lord Brahma has a life time of 100 years by his calculation which translate to be 311,040,000,000,000 human years. Thus one second for Lord Brahma is equal to 100,000 years for us. According to astronomical texts such as Surya-siddhanta and the Puranas, in cosmic time it is presently the day after the 50th birthday of Lord Brahma. And it is about 11:40 AM for him on his planet. He will be having lunch in about 20 of his minutes, which would take 120,000,000 years of our time. Definitely mind boggling! There are several instances in the Puranas where it is recounted that a person would be transported from the human worlds to that of a deva such as Brahma. And even though they were only gone for what appeared to be a short length of time by their experience, when they returned millions of years had come and gone.
The Experience of King Kakudmi
The following example from the Bhagavata Purana, illustrates time dilation on Brahmaloka, the planet of Lord Brahma, the demiurge of this universe. This historical incident begins with the mention of a submarine kingdom called Kusasthali. The residents of this kingdom were descendants of the solar dynasty. And though they are considered human, they were endowed with mystic powers, not found in ordinary humans today. The King of Kusasthali, Kakudmi, was able to travel to the world of Brahma and experience Brahma's perception of time:
"O Maharaja Pariksit, subduer of enemies, Revata constructed a kingdom known as Kusasthali in the depths of the ocean. There he lived and ruled such tracts of land as Anarta, etc. He had one hundred very nice sons, of whom the eldest was Kakudmi. Taking his own daughter, Revati, Kakudmi went to Lord Brahma in Brahmaloka, which is transcendental to the three modes of material nature, and inquired about a husband for her. When Kakudmi arrived there, Lord Brahma was engaged in hearing musical performances by the Gandharvas and had not a moment to talk to him. Therefore Kakudmi waited, and at the end of the musical performances he offered his obeisances to Lord Brahma and thus submitted his long standing desire. After hearing his words, Lord Brahma, who is most powerful, laughed loudly and said to Kakudmi, 'O King, all those whom you may have decided within the core of your heart to accept as your son-in-law have passed away in the course of time. Twenty-seven catur-yugas have already passed. Those upon whom you may have already decided are now gone, and so are their sons, grandsons and other descendants. You cannot even hear about their names.' (SB 9.3.28-32)
(The rest is at that link)
